Home
Catalogue
Contact us
Five
Drug Screen test
Intended use
The Multi-Drug Strip Test
is an immunochromatographic assay for rapid, qualitative
detection of drugs and their principal metabolites in urine
at specified cut-off concentrations. A combination is
composed from any the following drugs:
DRUG
CLASS SENSITIVITY
Phencyclidine
25
ng/ml
marijuana
50
ng/ml
COCAINE/BENZOYLECGONINE 300
ng/ml
barbiturates 200
ng/ml
benzodiazepines 300
ng/ml
Methadone 300
ng/ml
Opiates/Morphine 300
ng/ml
Methamphetamine 500
ng/ml
AMPHETAMINE 1000
ng/ml
Note: The test provides
only preliminary data, which should be confirmed by other
methods such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
(GC/MS). Clinical considerations and professional judgment
should be applied to any drug of abuse test result,
particularly when preliminary positive results are
indicated.
summary and explanation of the test
The Multi-drug Strip Test
is an easy, fast, qualitative, visually read competitive
binding immunoassay method for screening without the need of
instrumentation. The method employs unique mixture of
monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to selectively identify
the drugs of abuse and their metabolites in test samples
with a high degree of sensitivity.
Drug abuse remains a
growing social and economical concern in many developed and
developing countries throughout the world. The above stated
drugs are among the most frequently abused illicit drugs,
according to the U.S. Substance Abuse and Mental Health
Services Administration. Opiates are among a class of
heavily abused prescription drugs.
The sensitivity of the
Multi-drug Strip Test is set as required for the screening
immunoassays of these drugs in the reference guidelines set
by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and the U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services.
principle of the test
The Multi-drug Strip Test
is a competitive binding immunoassay in which drug and drug
metabolites in a urine sample compete with immobilized drug
conjugate for limited labeled antibody binding sites. By
utilizing antibodies that are specific to different drug
classes, the test permits independent, simultaneous
detection of six drugs from a single sample. The approximate
run time is 5 minutes.
In the assay
procedure, urine mixes with labeled antibody-dye conjugate
and migrates along a porous membrane. When the concentration
of a given drug is below the detection limit of the test,
unbound antibody-dye conjugate binds to antigen conjugate
immobilized on the membrane, producing a rose-pink color
band in the appropriate Test Zone for that drug. Conversely,
when the drug level is at or above the detection limit, free
drug competes with the immobilized antigen conjugate on the
membrane by binding to antibody-dye conjugate, forming an
antigen- antibody complex, preventing the development of a
rose-pink color band.
Regardless of the drug
levels in the sample, a rose-pink color band is produced in
each Control Zone (marked “C”) by a parallel immunochemical
reaction. These bands serve as built-in quality control
measures by demonstrating antibody recognition, verifying
that the reagents are chemically active.
REAGENTS AND MATERIALS PROVIDED
1. Test
Devices. 1.
Test Devices.
Contains dye-conjugated
antibody and immobilized
antigen in protein matrix with
sodium azide.

Optional
|
2. Negative
Control I. |
Contains buffered
protein solution with sodium azide. |
|
3. PCP
Positive Control. |
Contains PCP at
100 ng/ml in a buffered protein solution with
sodium-azide. |
|
4. Marijuana
Positive Control |
Contains THC at
150 ng/ml in a buffered solution with sodium azide.
|
|
5.
Barbiturates
Positive
Control |
Contains BAR at
1000 ng/ml in a buffered protein solution with
sodium azide. |
|
6.
Benzodiazepines
Positive
Control |
Contains BZD at
1000 ng/ml in a buffered protein solution with
sodium azide. |
|
7. Methadone
Positive Control |
Contains MAD at
1000 ng/ml in a buffered protein solution with
sodium azide. |
|
8. Opiates
Positive Control |
Contains MOR at
1000 ng/ml in a buffered protein solution with
sodium azide. |
|
9. Cocaine
Positive Control |
Contains BEG at
1000 ng/ml in a buffered protein solution with
sodium azide. |
|
10.
Methamphetamine
Positive
Control |
Contains MET at
1500 ng/ml in a buffered protein solution with
sodium azide. |
|
11.
Amphetamine
Positive
Control |
Contains AMP at
3000 ng/ml in a buffered protein solution with
sodium azide. |
MATERIALS REQUIRED BUT NOT PROVIDEd
1. Clock or timer.
2. Specimen collection
containers.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONStc
"WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS"
1. For
in vitro diagnostic and professional use only.
2. Do
not use the test device beyond the expiration date.
3. Urine
specimens may be infectious; properly handle and dispose of
all used reaction devices in a biohazard container.
4.
Visually inspect the foil
package to insure it is intact. If the package is not
intact, the integrity of the device might be compromised.
STORAGE and stabilitytc
"STORAGE and stability"
Store test
kit below 28°C;
do not freeze. Refer to the expiration date for stability.
test procedure
1. Bring
a urine sample and a foil test pouch to room temperature
(15°-28°C).
2. Do
not break the seal of the pouch until ready to begin
testing.
3.
Remove a Test Device from the foil pouch.
4.
Remove the protective cap and place the revealed strips into
the urine sample for 10 seconds. Do not allow the urine
level to touch the plastic device.
5. Read
the results at 5 minutes.
Note:
The result must be interpreted at
five minutes. Waiting more than five minutes may cause the
reading to be inaccurate. To avoid confusion, discard the
test device after interpreting the result.
INTERPRETATION OF
RESULTS

Positive:
A rose-pink band is visible in each control zone. No
color band appearing in the appropriate test zone indicates
a positive result for the corresponding drug of that
specific test zone.
Negative:
A rose-pink band is visible in each control zone and
the appropriate test zone, indicating that the concentration
of the corresponding drug of that specific test zone is
below the detection limit of the test.
Invalid:
If a color band is not visible in each of the control zones,
the test is invalid. Another test should be run to
re-evaluate the specimen.
Note: There is no
meaning attributed to line color intensity or width.
Quality control
An internal
procedure control has been incorporated into the test to
ensure proper kit performance and reliability.
The use of an external
control is recommended to verify proper kit performance.
Quality control samples should be tested according to
quality control requirements established by the testing
laboratory.
Limitations of the test
1. This
product is designed to be used for the detection of drugs of
abuse and their metabolites in human urine only.
2.
Although the test is very accurate, there is the possibility
false results will occur due to the presence of interfering
substances in the specimen sample.
3. The
test is a qualitative screening assay and is not suggested
for quantitative determination of drug levels in urine, or
the level of intoxication.
4. Adulterants such as
bleach or other strong oxidizing agents, when added to urine
specimens can cause erroneous test results regardless of the
analysis method used. If adulteration is suspected, obtain
another urine specimen.
Performance characteristics
1.
Sensitivity.
The Multi-drug Strip Testdetects drugs of abuse and their
major metabolites in urine at concentrations equal to or
greater than the cut-off level for the specific drug, which
is suggested by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
for the immunoassay method.
2.
Specificity.
A study was conducted with the Multi-drug Strip Test to
determine the cross-reactivity of drug-related compounds
with the test. Substances listed in Table I produced
results approximately equivalent to the cutoff levels. A
separate study was conducted to determine the
cross-reactivity of non-related compounds with the test at
concentrations much higher than normally found in the urine
of people using or abusing them. No cross reactivity was
detected with the substances listed in Table II.
Table I:
Concentrations of
drug-related compounds showing positive response
approximately equivalent to the cut-off set for the test:
The following
Opiates-related substances yield a positive result for
Opiates:
|
Morphin 300
ng/ml
Morphine-3-b-D-Glucuronide 300 ng/ml
Codeine 300
ng/ml
Heroin 300
ng/ml
Norcodeine 2,000 ng/ml
Nalorphine 300 ng/ml
Hydrocodone
500 ng/ml
Hydromorphone 300 ng/ml |
Oxycodone 1,000 ng/ml
Levorphanol 600 ng/ml
Naloxone 1,000 ng/ml
Thebaine 1,500 ng/ml
Imipramine
50,000 ng/ml
Atropine 100,000 ng/ml
Meperidine 100,000 ng/ml
Ranitidine 100,000 ng/ml |
The following
Methamphetamine-related substances yield positive results
for Methamphetamine:
(+)
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstacy)
500 ng/ml
d-Amphetamine
50,000 ng/ml
(+)
3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine
(MDA) 50,000 ng/ml
(+)
Methamphetamine
50,000 ng/ml
D,
1-amphetamine
10,000 ng/ml
Pseudoephedrine
1,000 ng/ml
Ephedrine
25,000 ng/ml
The
following Phencyclidine-related substances yield positive
results for Phencyclidine:
N-Acetylprocainamide
10,000 ng/ml
Codeine
5,000 ng/ml
p-Hydroxymethamphetamine
50,000 ng/ml
Thebaine
10,000 ng/ml
1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)-morphine
600 ng/ml
N,N-Diethyl-1-phenyl-Cyclohexylamine
2.0 ng/ml
1-[1-(2-Thienyl)cyclohexyl]-morphine
200 ng/ml
The
following Marijuana-related substances yield positive
results for Marijuana:
|
11-Nor-D
8-THC-9-COOH 50 ng/ml
11-Nor-D
9-THC-9-COOH 50 ng/ml
D-8-THC 1 mg/ml |
D-9THC 4 mg/ml
Cannabinol 10mg/ml
11-hydroxy-D
9-THC 10mg/ml |
The
following Amphetamine-related substances yield positive
results for Amphetamine:
|
d-Amphetamine 1000ng/mll
Amphetamine 25,000ng/ml
d,l-Amphetamine 1000 ng/ml
(+)Phenylpropanolamine
50,000 ng/ml
B
-Phenylthylamine 90,000 ng/ml |
Thyramine 100,000ng/ml
(±)
3,4-Methylenediox 600 ng/ml
Amphetamine
(MDA)
Psuedoephedrine 100,000 ng/ml
Ephedrine 250,000 ng/ml |
The following
Cocaine-related substances yield positive results for
Cocaine:
Benzoylecgonine 300 ng/ml
Cocaine 300 ng/ml
Isoxsurpine 1,500 ng/ml
The
following Benzodiazepine-related substances yield positive
results for Benzodiazepine:
|
Alphahydroxyaltriazolam 200ng/ml
Alprazolam 62.5 ng/ml
Bromazepam 250 ng/ml
Clobazam 2,500ng/ml
Clorazepate 50 ng/ml
Diazepam
50 ng/ml
Desmethyldiazepam 50 ng/ml
Flunitrazepam 25ng/ml
Flurazepam
100 ng/ml |
Lorazepam
250 ng/ml
Lormetazepam 250 ng/ml
Medazepam
1,000 ng/ml
Nitrazepam
250 ng/ml
Nordiazepam
200 ng/ml
Oxazepam
300 ng/ml
Prazepam
100 ng/ml
Temazepam
200 ng/ml
Triazolam 500 ng/ml |
The following
Barbiturates-related substances yield positive results for
Barbiturates:
Secobarbital 200 ng/ml
Pentobarbital 200
ng/ml
Amobarbital 200 ng/ml
Bromocriptine 200 ng/ml
Barbital 200 ng/ml
Clean Jane 260
ng/ml
Butabarbital 200 ng/ml
(sodium dodecylsulfate)
Phenobarbital 200 ng/ml
Zoloft 200
ng/ml
The following
Methadone-related substances yield positive results for
Methadone:
|
Methadone 300ng/ml
Doxylamine 10,000 ng/ml
Laam
10,000 ng/ml
n-methyldiethanolamine 50,000 ng/ml
Pentazocaine
50,000 ng/ml |
Tetrahydrozoline 50,000 ng/ml
Dextromethorpham 100,000 ng/ml
Diphenhydromine 100,000 ng/ml
Leuorphanol 100,000 ng/ml
Promethizine 100,000 ng/ml |
Table II:
Compounds tested and found not to cross-react with the test
at a 10mg/ml concentration in urine.
The following
compounds do not cross-react with Methamphetamine:
|
Acetylsalicylic Acid
Amikacin
Amitriptyline
Ampicillan
Arterenol
Aspartame
Atropine Sulfate
Benzoic Acid
Benzoylecgonine HCl
Caffeine
Chlorpheniramine
Chlorpropmazine HCl
Cimetidine
Codeine
Deoxyephedrine
Dextromethorphan
Diazepam
Diethylpropion
Dephenylhydantoin
Doxylamine |
Ecgonine HCl
Ecgonine Methyl Ester
Glucose
Histamine
Hydrocodone
Hydromorphone
Indomathacin
Ketoprofen
Levorphanol
D 9-TC
11-nor-D-9-carboxy-THC-9-COOH
Meperdine
Methylphenidate
Methadone
Methaqualone
Morp.
Glucuronide
Morphine Sulfate
Oxazepam
Oxycodone |
Pendimetrazine
Penicillin G
Pentobarbital
d-Propoxyphene-
Hydrochlorthiazide
Propanol
Phencyclidine
Phenobarbital
Phentermine
Phenylpropanolamine
L-Phenylephrine
Quinine
Ranitidine
Sodium
Salicylate
Tryptophan Ecgonine Methyl Ester
Tetracycline
Tetrahydrozoline
Theophylline
Thioridazine\
Triflouperazine
|
The following
compounds do not cross-react with Opiates:
|
Acetaminophen
Acetylsalicylic
Acid
Amikacin
Amitriptyline
Ampicillin
Arterenol
Aspartame
Atropine
Sulfate
Benzoic Acid
Benzoylecgonine
HCl
Caffeine
Chlorpheniramine
Chlorpropmazine
HCl
Cimetidine
Deoxyephedrine
Dextromethorphan
Diazepam
Diethylpropion |
Diphenylhydantoin
Doxylamine
Ecgonine HCl
Ecgonine Methyl
Ester
Glucose
Histamine
Indomathacin
Ketoprofen
Levorphanol
D - 9 THC
11-nor-D-9-carboxy-THC-9-COOH
Methylphenidate
Methadone
Methaqualone
Morphine
Sulfate
Oxazepam
Pendimetrazine |
Penicillin G
Pentobarbital
dPropoxyphene-
Hydrochlorothiazide
Propanol
Phencyclidine
Phenobarbital
Phentermine
Phenylpropanolamine
LPhenylephrine
Quinine
Sodium
Salicylate
Tryptophan
Tetracycline
Tetrahydrozoline
Theophylline
Thioridazine
Trifluoperazine |
The following
compounds do not cross-react with Phencyclidine:
|
Acetaminophen
Acetylsalicyclic Acid
Amikacin
Amitriptyline
Ampicillin
Arterenol
Aspartame
Atropine
Sulfate
Benzoic Acid
Benzoylecgonine
HCl
Caffeine
Chlorpheniramine
Chlorpropmazine
HCl
Cimetidine
Deoxyephedrine
Dextromethorphan
Diazepam
Diethylpropion
Diphenylhydantion |
Doxylamine
Ecgonine HC1
Ecgonine Methyl
Ester
Glucose
Histamine
Hydrocodone
Hydromorphone
Indomathacin
Ketoprofen
Levorphanol
D -9-THC
11-nor-D
-9-carboxy-THC-9 COOH
Meperidine
Methylphenidate
Methadone
Methaqualone
Morp.
Glucoronide
Morphine
Sulfate
Oxazepam |
Oxycodone
Pendimetrazine
Penicillin G
d-Propoxyphene
Hydrochlorothiazide
Propanol
Phentermine
Phenylpropanolamine
L-Phenylephrine
Quinine
Ranitidine
Sodium
Salicyclate
Tryptophan
Tetracycline
Tetrahydrozoline
Theophylline
Thioridazine
Trifluoperazine |
The following
compounds do not cross-react with Amphetamine:
|
Acetaminophen
Acetylsaclicylic Acid
Amikacin
Amitriptyline
Arterenol
Aspartame
Atropine
Sulfate
Benzoic Acid
Benzoylecgonine
HCl
Caffeine
Chlorpheniramine
Chlorpropmazine
HCl
Cimetidine
Codeine
Deoxyephedrine
Dextromethorphan
Diazepam
Diethylpropion
|
Diphenylhydantoin
Doxylamine
Ecgonine HCl
Ecgonine Methyl
Ester
Glucose
Histamine
Hydrocodone
Hydromorphone
Indomathacin
Ketoprofen
Levorphanol
D -9-THC
11-nor-D-9-carboxy-THC-9-COOH
Meperidine
Methylphenidate
Methadone
Methaqalone
Morp.
Glucuronide
Morphine
Sulfate
Oxazepam |
Oxycodone
Pendimetrazine
Penicillin G
Pentobarbital
d-Propoxyphene
Hydrochlorothiazide
Propanol
Phencyclidine
Phenobarbital
Phentermine
Phenylpropanolamine
L-Phenylephrine
Quinine
Ranitidine
Sodium
Salicylate
Tryptophan
Tetracycline
Tetrahydrozoline
Theophylline
Thioridazine
Trifluoperazine |
The following
compounds do not cross-react with Cocaine:
|
Acetaminophen
Actylsalicylic
Acid
Amikacin
Amitriptyline
Ampicillin
Arterenol
Aspartame
Atropine
Sulfate
Benzoic Acid
Benzoylecgonine
HCl
Caffeine
Chlorpheniramine
Chlorpropmazine
HCl
Cimetidine
Codeine
Deoxyephedrine
Dextromethorphan
Diazepam
Hydromorphon
Indomathacin |
Ketoprofen
Levorphanol
D -9-THC
Diethylpropion
Dephenylhydantoin
Doxylamine
Ecgonine HCl
Ecgonine Methyl
Ester
Glucose
Histamine
Hydrocodone
11-nor-D
-9-carboxy-THC-9-COOH
Meperidine
Methylphenidate
Methadone
Methaqualone
Morp.
Glucuronide
Morphine
Sulfate
Oxazepam |
Oxycodone
Pendimetrazine
Penicillin G
Pentobarbital
d-Propoxyphene
Hydro-
chlorothiazide
Propanol
Phencyclidine
Phenobarbital
Phentermine
Phenylpropanolamine
L-Phenylephrine
Quinine
Ranitidine
Sodium
Salicylate
Tryptophan
Tetrahydrozoline
Theophylline
Thioridazine
Trifluoperazine |
The following
compounds do not cross-react with Marijuana:
|
Acetaminophen
4-Acetamidophenol
Acetylsalicyclic acid
Amikacin
Ampicillin
d,l-Amphetamine
Amitriptyline
Arterenol
Aspartame
Atropine
sulfate
Benzoic Acid
Benzoylecgonine
Caffeine
Camphor
Chloroquine
Chlorpheniramine
Chlorpromazine
HCl
Cocaine
Hydrochloride
Cocaine
Cimetidine
Cortisone
Deoxyepinophrine
Dextromethorphan |
Diazepam
Digitoxin
Digoxin
Ecgonine
Hydrochloride
Ecgonine Methyl
Ester
Ephedrine
Epinephrine
Gentisic acid
Glucose
Guaiacol
Histamine
Hydrochlorothiazide
Hydrocodone
Hydromorphone
Homatropine
Imipramine
Isoproterenol
Ketamine
Lidocaine
d-Methamphetamine
Meperidine
Methadone
Methaqualone
Methylpehnidate |
Morphine
glucuronide
Morphine
sulfate
Morphine
Naloxone
Neomycin
Niacinamide
Oxazepam
Perphenazine
Penicillin G
Phencyclidine
Phenobarbital
Phenylethylamine-a
Phenylpropanolamine
Promethazine
Pseudophedrine
Rantidine
Salycyclic acid
Secobarbital
Tetracycline
Tetrahydrozoline
Theophylline
Thiridazine
Triflouperazine
Tryptophan |
The following
compounds do not cross-react with Barbiturates:
|
Acetaminophen
Acetylsalicyclic Acid
Amikacin
Amitriptyline
Ampicillin
Arterenol
Aspartame
Atropine
Sulfate
Benzoic Acid
Benzoic Acid
Benzoylecgonine
HCl
Caffeine
Chlorpheniramine
Chlorpropmazine
HCl
Cimetidine
Codeine
Deoxyephedrine
Dextromethorphan
Diazepam
Diethylpropion |
Diphenylhydantoin
Doxylamine
Ecgonine HCl
Ecgonine Methyl
Ester
Glucose
Histamine
Hydrocodone
Hydromorphone
Indomathacin
Ketoprofen
Levorphanol
D-9-THC
11-nor-D-9-carboxy-THC-9-COOH
Meperidine
Methylphenidate
Methadone
Methaqualone
Morp.
Glucuronide
Morphine
Sulfate |
Oxazepam
Oxycodone
Pendimetrazine
Penicillin G
d-Propoxyphene
Hydrochlorothiazide
Propanol
Phencyclidine
Phentermine
Phenylpropanolamine
L-Phenylephrine
Quinine
Ranitidine
Sodium
Salicylate
Tryptophan
Tetracycline
Tetrahydrozoline
Theophylline
Thioridazine
Trifluoperazine |
The following
compounds do not cross-react with Benzodiazepines:
|
Acetaminophen
Acetylsalicyclic Acid
Amikacin
Amitriptyline
Ampicillin
Arterenol
Aspartame
Atropine
Sulfate
Benzoic Acid
Benzoylecgonine
HCl
Caffeine
Chlorpheniramine
Chlorpropmazine
HCl
Cimetidine
Codeine
Deoxyephedrine
Dextromethorphan
Diethylpropion
Diphenylhydantoin
Diazepam |
Doxylamine
Ecgonine HC1
Ecgonine Methyl
Ester
Glucose
Histamine
Hydrocodone
Hydromorphone
Indomathacin
Ketoprofen
Levorphanol
D-9-THC
11-nor-D-9-carboxy-THC-9-COOH
Meperidine
Methylphenidate
Methadone
Methaqualone
Morp.
Glucoronide
Morphine
Sulfate
Oxycodone |
Pendimetrazine
Penicillin G
Pentobarbital
d-Propoxyphene
Hydrochlorothiazide
Propanol
Phencyclidine
Phenobarbital
Phentermine
Phenylpropanolamine
L-Phenylephrine
Quinine
Ranitidine
Sodium
Salicyclate
Tryptophan
Tetracycline
Tetrahydrozoline
Theophylline
Thioridazine
Trifluoperazine |
The following
compounds do not cross-react with Methadone:
|
4-Acetamidophenol
Acetophenetidin
N-Acetylprocainamide
Acetylsalicylicacid
Alphenol
Alprazolam
Amitryptyline
Amobarbital
Amoxicillin
l-Amphetamine
d,l-Amphetamine
Ampicillin
Apomorphine
Aprobarbital
ASP-PHEMethylEster
Atropine
BarbitalAcid
BenzoicAcid
Benzoylecgonine
Benzphetamine
Bromazepam
Butabarbital
Butalbital
Cannabidiol
Clonazepam
ChloralHydrate
Chlorazepate
Chlordiazepoxide
Chlorothiazide
Chlorpromazine
Chloroquine
Cholesterol
Clobazem
Clomipramine
Clonazepan
Clonidine
Cocaine
Codeine
Cortisone
(-)Cotinine
Creatinine
Desmethyldiazepam
Deoxycorticosterone
Diazepam
Diclofenac
|
Diflunisal
Digoxin
4-(Dimethylamino)antipyrine
DLGlutethinide
Doxepin
(+)Ephedrine
(±)Ephedrine
(-)y-Ephedrine
(-)Ephedrine
Erythromycin
b-Estradiol
Estrone-3-sulfate
Ethyl-p-Aminobenzoate
Flunitrazepam
Flurazepam
Furosemide
Gentisicacid
GuaiacolGlyceryl
EsterCarbonate
Glucuronicacid
5-Hydroxytryptamine
Hyppuricacid
Hydralazine
Hydrochlorothiazide
Hydrocodone
Hydrocotisone
O-Hydromorphone
Hydroxyhippuricacid
pHydroxymethamphetamine
3-Hydroxytyramine
Ibuprofen
Imipromine
(-)Isoproterenol
Iproniazid
Isoxsuprine
Ketamine
Ketoprofen
Labetalol
Lidocaine
Loperamide
Lorazepam
Lormetazepam
Maprotiline
Medazepam
Meperidine |
Meprobamate
Methaqualone
s)6-Methoxy-a-Methyl-2-
Naphthaleneaceticacid
Methylphenidate
Methyprylon
Morphine-3-b-D-glucuronide
(±)3,4-Methylenedioxy
Methamphetamine
(±)3,4-Methylenedioxy
Amphetamine
Methoxyphenamine
Nalidixicacid
Nalorphine
Naloxone
Naltrexone
Niacinamide
Nifedipine
Nitrazepam
Norcodeine
Norethindrone
d-Norpropoxyphene
Noscapine
Nylidrin
d,l-Octopamine
Oxalicacid
Tetrahydrocortisone
Thebaine
Thiamine
(+)Thiopental
Thioridazine
d,1-Thyroxine
Tolbutamide
Triamterene
Triazolam
Trifluoperazine
Trimethoprim
Trimipramine
Tryptamine
d,1-Tryptophan
Tyramine
d,1-Tyrosine
Uricacid
Verapamil
Zomepirac |
|
AcetylsalicylicAcid
Amikacin
Amitriptyline
Ampicillan
Arterenol
Aspartame
AtropineSulfate
BenzoicAcid
BenzoylecgonineHCl
Caffeine
Chlorpheniramine
ChlorpropmazineHCl
Cimetidine
Codeine
Deoxyephedrine
Dextromethorphan
Diazepam
Diethylpropion
Dephenylhydantoin
Doxylamine |
EcgonineHCl
EcgonineMethylEster
Glucose
Histamine
Hydrocodone
Hydromorphone
Indomathacin
Ketoprofen
Levorphanol
D9-TC
11-nor-D-9-carboxy-THC-9-COOH
Meperdine
Methylphenidate
Methadone
Methaqualone
Morp.Glucuronide
MorphineSulfate
Oxazepam
Oxycodone |
Pendimetrazine
PenicillinG
Pentobarbital
d-Propoxyphene-
Hydrochlorthiazide
Propanol
Phencyclidine
Phenobarbital
Phentermine
Phenylpropanolamine
L-Phenylephrine
Quinine
Ranitidine
SodiumSalicylate
TryptophanEcgonineMethylEster
Tetracycline
Tetrahydrozoline
Theophylline
Thioridazine\
Triflouperazine |
3.
Accuracy:
The
accuracy of the Multi-drug Multi-drug Strip Testwas first
tested in urine samples in-house and subsequently in a
clinical trial of urine samples submitted to a NIDA
certified laboratory. In both cases the laboratories used
EMIT II as their screening procedure. All positive samples
by either screening method were confirmed by GC/MS. The data
was combined and the results are summarized as follows:
3.1
Phencyclidine
(PCP)
Syva EMIT II Positive
Syva EMIT II Negative
StripPositive 223 0
Strip
Negative 0 290
When
compared to EMIT II the relative sensitivity between
positive samples was 100%. The relative specificity between
negative samples was 100%. The concordance of the combined
data with respect to EMIT II was 100%.
3.2
Marijuana
(THC)
Syva EMIT II Positive
Syva EMIT II Negative
StripPositive 297 4
StripNegative 4
259
When compared to EMIT II
the relative sensitivity between positive samples was
98.67%. The relative specificity between negative samples
was 98.48%. The concordance of the combined data with
respect to EMIT II was 98.58%.
3.3 Barbiturate
(BAR)
Syva EMIT II
Positive Syva EMIT II
Negative
Strip
Positive 185
2
Strip
Negative 0
335
When
compared to EMIT II the relative sensitivity between
positive samples was 100%. The relative specificity between
negative samples was 99.41%. The concordance of the combined
data with respect to EMIT II was 99.62%.
3.4
Benzodiazepine
(BZD)
Syva EMIT II Positive Syva EMIT II
Negative
Strip Positive 210 0
Strip Negative 9
221
When
compared to EMIT II the relative sensitivity between
positive samples was 95.9%. The relative specificity between
negative samples was 100%. The concordance of the combined
data with respect to EMIT II was 97.95%.
3.5
Cocaine (BEG)
Syva EMIT II Positive Syva EMIT II
Negative
Strip Positive 194 1
Strip Negative 0
212
When
compared to EMIT II the relative sensitivity between
positive samples was 100%. The relative specificity between
negative samples was 99.55%. The concordance of the combined
data with respect to EMIT II was 99.75%.
3.6
Methamphetamine
(MET)
Syva EMIT II Positive Syva EMIT II
Negative
Strip Positive 179 14
Strip
Negative 0 262
When
compared to EMIT II the relative sensitivity between
positive samples was 100%. The relative specificity between
negative samples was 94.9%. The concordance of the combined
data with respect to EMIT II was 96.92%.
3.7
Opiates (OPI)
Syva EMIT II Positive
Syva EMIT II Negative
Strip Positive 172
0
Strip Negative 0
190
When
compared to EMIT II the relative sensitivity between
positive samples was 100% . The relative specificity between
negative samples was 100%. The concordance of the combined
data with respect to EMIT II was 100%.
3.8
Amphetamine
(AMP)
Syva EMIT II Positive Syva EMIT
II Negative
Strip Positive 188
1
Strip Negative 0 340
When
compared to EMIT II the relative sensitivity between
positive samples was 100%. The relative specificity between
negative samples was 99.7%. The concordance of the combined
data with respect to EMIT II was 99.8%.
3.9
Methadone
(MAD)
Syva EMIT II Positive Syva EMIT
II Negative
Strip Positive 32
0
Strip Negative 0 78
When compared to EMIT II
the relative sensitivity between positive samples was 100%.
The relative specificity between negative samples was 100%.
The concordance of the combined data with respect to EMIT II
was 100%.
Note: The above
data for Methadone reflects the results of in-house urine
sample testing only.
Bibliography
General
1.
Baselt, R.C., Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in
Man, 2nd Ed., Biomedical Publ., Davis, CA, p.488 (1982).
2. Cody,
J.T., Schwarzhoff, R., J. Anal. Toxicol., 17: 2630 (1993).
3. Urine
Testing for Drugs of Abuse, NIDA Research Monograph 73,
(1986).
4.
Dasguspta, A., Saldana, S., Kinnaman, G., Smith M.,
Johansen, K., Clin. Chem., 39(1): 104-108 (1993).
5.
Department of Health and Human Services, Fed. Regist.,
53(69): 11970-11989 (1988), (1989).
6. FDA
Guidence for Labeling Urine Drugs of Abuse Screening
Testing, Kshitij Mohan, 7/21/1987.
Barbiturate Test
1.
Hoffmann, F.E. A Handbook of Drug and Alcohol Abuse: The
Biomedical Aspects. Oxford University Press, New York,
1983.
2.
Wyngarrden, J.B., Smith, L.H. (eds.) Cecil Textbook of
Medicine. W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, 1988, pp.
53-54.
3.
Ellenhorn, M.J., Barceloux, D.J. Medical Toxicology.
Elsevier Science Publishing Co., New York, 1988, pp.
575-580.
4.
Gorodetzky, Z.V.
Detection of Drugs of Abuse in Biological Fluids. In:
Martin, W.R. (ed.) Drug Addiction. I.
Springer-Verlag, New York, 1977, pp. 319-409.
Opiate
Test
1.
Huang, W., Andollo, W., Hearn W.L.J. Anal. Toxicol., 16:
307-310 (1992).
2.
Cone, E.J., Dickerson, S., Paul, B.D., Mitchell, J.M., J.
Anal. Toxicol., 17: 156-164 (1993).
3.
Glare, P.A., Walsh, T.D., and Pippenger, C.E., Ther. Drug
Monit., 13: 226-232 (1991).
4.
Walsh, T.D., Cheater, F.M., Pharm. J., 10: 525-527 (1983).
5.
Mitchell, J.M., Paul, B.D., Welch, P., Cone, E.J. J. Anal.
Toxicol., 15: 49-53 (1991).
Methamphetamine/Amphetamine Test
1.
Ellerbe, P., Long, T.,Welch, M.J., J. Anal. Toxicol., 17:
165-170 (1993). PCP Test
2.
Froelich, P.E., Gross, G.: Separation and Detection of
Phencyclidine in Urine by Gas Chromatography. J.
Chromatograph 1977;137;135-143.
3. Gupta
R.C. et al: Determination of Phencyclidine in Urine and
Illicit Street Drug Samples.Clin. Toxicol 1975; 8:611-621.
4.
Oellerich, M.: Enzyme Immunoassays In Clinical
Chemistry:Present Status and Trends. J. Clin. Chem.
Biochem., 1980;18:197-208.
5.
Anilineo, Pitts, F.N.:
Phencyclidine (PCP): A Review and Perspectives. CRC Crit.
Rev. Toxicol 1982;10:145-177.
Marijuana
Test
1.
Johansson, E., Gillespie, H.K., Halldin, M.M. J. Anal.
Toxicol., 14: 176-180 (1990).
2.
El Sohly, M.A., Jones, A.B., El Sohly, H.N. J. Anal.
Toxicol., 14: 277-279 (1990)14: 227-279 (1990).
3.
Foltz, R.L., Sunshine, I.J. Anal. Toxicol., 14: 375-378
(1990).
4.
Wimbish, G.H., Johnson, K.D. J. Anal. Toxicol., 14: 292-295
(1990).
5.
Nakamura, G.R., Meeks, R.D., Stall, W.J. J. Forensic Sci.,
35(4): 792-796 (1990).
6.
Jenkins, A.J., Mills, L.C., Darwin, W.D., Huestis, M.A.,
Cone, E.J., Mitchell, J.M. J. Anal. Toxicol., 17: 292-298
(1993).
6.
Hollister, L.E., Kanter, S.L., Board,
R.D., Green D.E. Res. Com. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol., 8:
579-584 (1974).
Cocaine
Test
1.
D.W. Hoyt et al. J. Am. Med. Assoc., Vol. 258 (1987), pp.
504-509.
2.
R.R. MacGregor, J.S. Fowler, and A.P. Wolf. J. of
Chromatography, Vol. 590 (1992), pp. 354-58.
3.
E.J. Cone, D. Yousefnejad, and S.L. Dickerson. J. of
Forensic Sciences, Vol. 35, No.4 (1990), pp. 786-91.
4.
E.J. Cone et al. J. of Forensic Sciences, Vol. 34, No. 1
(1989), pp. 15-31.
5.
B. Holmstedt and A. Fredga. J. of Ethnopharmacology, Vol. 3
(1981), pp. 113-47.
6.
T. Inaba and J. Can. Physiol. Pharmacol., Vol. 67 (1989),
pp. 1154-57
7.
A.R. Jeffcoat et al. Drug Metabolism and Disposition, Vol.
17, No. 2 (1989), pp. 153-59.
8.
R.C. Baselt and R. Chang. J. Anal. Toxicol., Vol. 11 (1987),
pp. 81-82.
Benzodiazepine Test
1.
S.J., Mule and G.A. Gasella. "Quantitation and Confirmation
of the Diazolo and Ttazolobenzodiazepines in Human Urine by
GC/MS," J. Anal. Toxicol., Vol. 13 (1989), pp. 179-184.
2.
C. Drouet-Coassolo, C. Aubert, P. Coassolo, and J. Cano.
"Capillary GC/MS Method for the Identification and
qualification of some Benzodiazepines and Their Unconjugated
Metabolites in Plasma," J. Chromatogr., Vol. 487 (1989), pp.
295-311.
3.
C. Ballanto, V. Reggi, G. Tognoni, et al. "Benzodiazepines:
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Use, " Drugs, Vol. 19
(1980): 195-219.
4.
A.J. Giannini and E.A. Slaby. Drugs of Abuse (MEDEC Books:
1989), Ch. 4, pp. 59-80.
5.
M.A. Pear and L. Kopjak, "The Screening and Quantitation of
Diazepam, Flurazepam, Chlordiazepoxide, and Their
Metabolites in Blood and Plasma by Electron-Capture Gas
Chromatography and High Pressure Liquid Chromatography," J.
Forensic Sci., Vol. 24(1979) pp. 46-54.
6.
H. Schultz, "Modern Screening Strategies in Analytical
Toxicology with Special Regard to New Benzodiazepines," J.
Legal. Med., Vol. 100 (1988) pp. 19-37.
7.
J.G. Langner, B.K. Gan, R.H. Liu, L.D. Baugh, P. Chand, J.L.
Weng, et. al. "Enzymatic Digestion, Solid Phase Extraction,
and GC/MS of Derivatized Intact Oxazepam in Urine," Clin.
Chem., Vol. 37 (1991) pp.1596-1601.
8.
R.L. Fitzgerald, D.A. Rexin, and D.A. Herold.
"Benzodiazepine Analysis by Negative Chemical Ionization
GC/MS," J. Anal. Toxicol., Vol. 17, pp. 342-347.
Methadone
Test
1.
B.J. Rounsaville, M.M. Weissman, P.H. Rosenberger, et.al.
"Diagnosis and Symptoms of Depression in Opiate Addicts:
Course and Relationship to Treatment Outcome", Arch. Gen.
Psychiatry 39 (1982): 151-56.
2.
B.J. Rounsaville and H.D. Kleber, "Psychiatric Disorders and
the Course of Diagnostic Stability", in S.M. Mirin, e.d.,
Substance Abuse and Psychopathology (American Psychiatric
Press, Washington, D.C., 1984):134-51.
3.
C.A. Dackis and M.S. Gold. "Depression in Opiate Addicts,"
ibid, pp. 20-40.
4.
J.B. Wyngarrden, LH Jr., eds., Cecil Textbook of Medicine
(WB Saunders Co.: Philadelphia, 1988), pp. 57 and 60.
5.
M.J. Ellenhorn and D.G.
Barceloux. Medical Toxicology (Elsevier Science Publishing
Co., Inc., NY, 1988), pp. 714-18.
Phencyclidine (PCP)
Test
1.
Froelich, P.E., Gross, G.:
Separation and Detection of Phencyclidine in Urine by Gas
Chromatography. J. Chromatograph 1977; 137;135-143.
2.
Gupta R.C. et al:
Determination of Phencyclidine in Urine and Illicit Street
Drug Samples. Clin. Toxicol 1975; 8:611-621.
3.
Oellerich, M.: Enzyme
Immunoassays In Clinical Chemistry: Present Status and
Trends. J. Clin. Chem. Biochem., 1980;18:197-208.
4.
Anilineo, Pitts, F.N.:
Phencyclidine (PCP): A Review and Perspectives. CRC Crit.
Rev. Toxicol 1982;10:145-177.